Chlorpheniramine for Allergies
Chlorpheniramine is an over-the-counter antihistamine used to temporarily relieve symptoms of hay fever and other upper respiratory allergies. In the U.S., it is available as a generic medication and under some brand names, including Aller-Chlor.
Chlorpheniramine is sometimes called a sedating or first-generation antihistamine because it can cause drowsiness. Newer antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin), cetirizine (Zyrtec), and fexofenadine (Allegra) are generally less likely to cause drowsiness and may be more convenient for daytime allergy symptoms.
Chlorpheniramine can temporarily relieve symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy or watery eyes, and itching of the nose or throat.
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Who is it for?
Chlorpheniramine may be used by adults and certain children for temporary relief of allergy symptoms.
For standard 4 mg chlorpheniramine tablets:
- Adults and children age 12 and older: take 1 tablet (4 mg) every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 6 tablets, or 24 mg, in 24 hours.
- Children age 6 to under 12: take one-half tablet (2 mg) every 4 to 6 hours. Do not take more than 3 whole tablets, or 12 mg, in 24 hours.
- Children under age 6: do not use unless specifically directed by a healthcare professional.
Always follow the Drug Facts label on the specific product you are using.
How does it work?
During an allergic reaction, the body releases histamine, a chemical involved in symptoms such as itching, sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes.
Chlorpheniramine blocks histamine at H1 receptors, helping reduce these allergy symptoms.
Because chlorpheniramine can enter the brain more readily than newer antihistamines, it is more likely to cause drowsiness and problems with concentration. If you need to drive, operate machinery, or remain alert, a less-sedating antihistamine may be a better choice.
Pharmacy Treatments
Should anyone avoid taking it?
Do not take chlorpheniramine if you have had an allergic reaction to it or another ingredient in the product.
Ask a doctor before using chlorpheniramine if you have:
- glaucoma
- a breathing problem such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis
- difficulty urinating because of an enlarged prostate
Ask a doctor or pharmacist before use if you take sedatives, tranquilizers, or other medicines that can cause drowsiness.
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, ask a healthcare professional before using chlorpheniramine.
Do not use chlorpheniramine to make a child sleepy.
Are there any side effects?
Drowsiness is one of the most important side effects of chlorpheniramine. It may also cause dry mouth, dizziness, blurred vision, or difficulty concentrating. Some children may become unusually excitable rather than sleepy.
Avoid alcohol while taking chlorpheniramine because alcohol can increase drowsiness. Sedatives and tranquilizers can also make this effect stronger.
Use caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how chlorpheniramine affects you.
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